최지연: 초서의 여성
다시읽기: 파블리오 양식과 의복모티프를 중심으로 pages 145 ~
159
[Choi Ji-yeon: Re-reading Chaucer’s
Women: Focusing on Fabliau and Clothing]
Abstract
This paper aims to analyze Chaucer’s women in The Canterbury
Tales, focusing on fabliau(genre) and clothing. Fabliaux are a
kind of a genre which is characterized by medieval comic tales
with sexual and trickery themes. They were a kind of bourgeois
literature, showing an accurate portrayal of life in the Middle
Ages. Chaucer experiments various kinds of writing styles and
finds fabliaux as a suitable tool for him to describe women in the
time of change. His Miller’s Tale and Reeve’s Tale are considered
best in English fabliaux. Chaucer’s time advanced into the
capitalist system. Clothing is a major motif to reflect the
economic growth at that time. Medieval people wanted better
clothing. Women also desired clothing. These aspects are partly
revealed in fabliaux. However, fabliau women cannot be said to
transcribe the reality of social life in the Middle Ages. Rather,
they are not described as individuals but stereotyped.
Chaucer describes in detail Alisoun’s clothing in the Miller’s
Tale. The descriptions of Alisoun’s appearance and clothing bring
up the image of animals like wezele, swalwe, kyde or calf, colt
and so on. Animal images in Chaucer’s time are more negative than
thought these days; however, they show strikingly vivid and
lecherous women, compared to courtly love styled women’s noble but
still passive images. On the other hand, it should be noticed that
Alisoun’s clothing isn’t described in various colors but only
black or white. These limited colors represent Alisoun’s
restricted situation by her husband. Chaucer’s fabliau women
somewhat developed but showed restricted aspects.
Wife of Bath’s boisterous clothing and headdress show her pride
and extravagance, which are harshly criticized during that time
because sumptuous clothes revealed one’s inner sins. She has the
purchasing power to reveal her wealth and profession. She doesn’t
take off her red scarlet gowns, showing her sexual desire and
wealth. Although age has stripped her of her beauty and youth, she
is showing off her wealth by wearing her sumptuous clothing. Her
clothing revealed her desire and independence. Fabliau women
become independent and active through Wife of Bath. Women’s desire
and independent will are materialized by means of Wife of Bath’s
clothing.
Key words
여성, 파블리오, 의복, 바쓰부인, 성
Women, Fabliau, Clothing, Wife of Bath, Sexuality